Tauric Chersonesos is the name of the city founded by colonists from ancient Greece over two and a half thousand years ago in the south-western part of the Crimea. Nowadays its ruins are one of the most important sights of Sevastopol.
In ancient Greek the word "chersonesos" means "peninsula". The city is situated on a small peninsula between two bays. After the Taurians, bellicose tribe inhabiting the nearest highlands, the place was called "Tauric", which means "located in the region of the Taurians". The city-state had a long history, almost two thousand years, being a part of the history of ancient Greece, ancient Rome and Byzantium.
Life of the Chersonesos inhabitants, like in the rest of Greek colonies, depended on the agricultural lands or "chora" as they called it. Their farm estates and plots are subject of studies for different scientists. The city suburbs were populated by various tribes. Some of them were peaceful, others militant. In the Middle Ages, when Chersonesos became the Christian centre of the peninsula, a lot of monasteries and hermitages as well as famous cave cities appeared around it. At the end of the14th century, the nomad raids put an end to the city and earth hid its ruins.
Only in 1827, almost half a century after the city of Sevastopol was founded; excavation works were initiated. Since that time Chersonesos has got another name — "Russian Troy". Year by year houses and streets, squares and temples of the ancient city have been reappearing from under the centuries-old dirt layers.
Archeological finds were so many that they comprised a very interesting exposition, thus the archeological museum was established. It was 115 years old in 2007.
You can spend the whole day in the museum watching the numerous excavation results or go for an archeological trip through the ancient city. However, excavations are not limited by the city. Since a long time archeologists are investigating numerous ancient monuments in the adjacent areas beyond the defensive walls.
Substantial scales of the researches and a large number of archeological monuments, which require preservation, have resulted in the establishment of the National Preserve, which received a status of a national cultural institution in 1994 by the decree of the President of Ukraine.
Today the National Preserve of Tauric Chersonesos is not only an excellent touristic attraction, but also an outstanding scientific and methodological centre for archeologists, historians, museologists and other scientists. The preserve team consists of people devoting their lives to science. You will have a chance to meet them and ask questions.
Interest in Chersonesos from the side of foreign specialists has considerably increased last years. The leader of the Herakleian expedition, the vice president of the preserve on scientific work, G. M. Nikolaenko, and the president of the Institute of Classical Archeology at the University of Texas (Austin, USA), Josef Carter, offered an idea to establish National Archeological Park on the base of the preserve with the aid of foreign non-profit funds. The preserve team hopes to enter the third millennium by the realisation of this grandiose and promising project.
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