The Panorama Museum of the 1854–1855 Defence of Sevastopol (the Panorama, for short) is a world-known work of military art and a monument to the heroes of the Defence of Sevastopol (the Defence, for short) during the 1853–1856 Crimean War. Fought between Russia and a coalition of Great Britain, France, Turkey, and the Kingdom of Sardinia, this war was part of the political and economic struggle to redraw spheres of influence in Europe and the Middle East.
Though Russia was defeated in the war, the Russian soldiers who for 349 days defended Sevastopol, Russia's main sea fortress on the Black Sea, amazed the whole world with their bravery and fortitude. The feats of the heroes of the Defence are immortalised with multitude of monuments. The Panorama is the best of them. It was created to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Defence. The author of the Panorama is Franz Roubaud (1856–1928), an outstanding military artist, the founder of the Russian school of panoramic art.
The Panorama was created in Munich in 1901–1904. In his work on the canvas and the objects on the foreground, Roubaud was assisted by the artists Karl H. Frosch, Leopold Schoenchen, Oskar Merte, and 20 students of Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts. In Sevastopol, in Istorichesky Boulevard, a building was constructed for the Panorama, to a design of the military engineer Lt. Colonel Friedrich Oskar Enberg, with the participation of the architect and artist V. A. Feldmann. The size of the Panorama: the canvas is 14 by 115 metres (46 by 377 feet) and the foreground area is around 1,000 square metres (10,800 square feet).
On 14th May 1905, the Panorama was opened; in 1909–1911, it was on display in Saint Petersburg.
On 25th June 1942, during the Second World War, after a raid by the Nazi German aviation and an artillery bombardment the building of the Panorama caught fire. In order to save the burning canvas, defenders of the city cut it into several parts. Eighty six fragments, or two thirds of the painting, were saved. The lead destroyer ship Tashkent evacuated the fragments to Novorossiysk; the final destination was Novosibirsk. After the war, it was decided to restore the Panorama. Having analysed the state of the fragments of the Panorama, academicians of painting and experienced restorers decided to restore them and use them as a basis for a new canvas.
In 1951–1954, Academician of Painting Vasily Yakovlev (1893–1953), Professor Pavel Petrovich Sokolov-Skalya (1899–1961) and 17 Moscow artists did the restoration work on the Panorama. The building of the Panorama was restored and rebuilt using modern equipment to a design by the Sevastopol architect V. P. Petropavlovsky (1918–2000).
On 16th October 1954, the Panorama was re-opened, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Defence. Since the half a century after the second birth of the Panorama, about 36 million people have visited it.
The Panorama tells about one of the 349 days of the Defence, 6th June 1855. That day, the defenders successfully repulsed an attack by the coalition troops on the fortifications of the Korabelnaya suburb and Malakoff.
The Yalta zoological park called Skazka (Russian for "fairy tale"; the Zoo, for short) was founded in 1995 by the businessman Oleg Zubkov; it was the first private zoological park in the Commonwealth of Independent States (a loose union of most former member states of the USSR). Since the Zoo was opened, it has been visited by over 1 million people...
The Sevstopol Sea Water Aquarium-Museum (the Aquarium, for short) is one of the oldest public aquariums in Europe and the oldest sea water aquarium. It was established in 1897 by the Sevastopol Biological Station. It is not just the oldest Russian station but the fifth one in the world by time of its foundation.
The idea of the Aquarium creation...
A two-hundred year old palace is situated in the midst of picturesque scenery within the architectural ensemble of Tsarskoye Selo in the north part of Alexander Park. This is the Alexander or New Palace of Tsarskoye Selo. It was founded in 1792 by the order of Catherine II and presented to her first and favorite grandson Grand Duke Alexander Pavlov...
WorldWalk.info
en
info@worldwalk.info